Small Unmanned Aerial Systems (sUAS), commonly known as drones, have a wide range of applications, including aerial photography, precision agriculture, disaster management, forest management, construction, mining, and surveillance. Their increasing adoption is driven by advancements in electronic technology, miniaturization, affordability, improved efficiency of cameras and sensors, and enhanced battery power. In the forestry sector, drones provide a valuable supplement to conventional data collection methods by offering unique perspectives and additional information that can improve the quality and accuracy of collected data.

In forestry, drones are used for various tasks such as stand delineation and mapping, harvest planning, forest structure estimation, inventory assessments, carbon inventory, damage evaluations, forest disease and pest detection, and forest fire detection and post-fire mapping. Beyond forestry, drones also support ecological mapping, park management, tourism, topographic modeling, soil erosion mapping, wildlife monitoring, and encroachment or trespass detection. Their ability to quickly and efficiently capture high-resolution data makes them indispensable tools for environmental monitoring and land management.

Rotary-wing drones are typically the preferred choice for forestry applications due to their ability to take off and land vertically, whereas fixed-wing drones require larger takeoff and landing areas. Some fixed-wing drones with vertical takeoff and landing capabilities exist but tend to be costly. Basic rotary-wing drones suitable for forest mapping range from $300 to $3,000 and generally come equipped with standard cameras. Larger, more specialized drones are necessary for advanced measurements using LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) and multispectral imaging, which significantly increases costs due to the additional sensors required.